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Any one of the weaknesses below is manageable on its own. Together, they're usually how a single phishing email turns into a full breach.
- Weak or reused passwords, with no multi-factor authentication on critical systems
- Unpatched software and end-of-life systems still in production
- Flat networks with no segmentation between critical and general-use systems
- Little or no security logging and monitoring, so breaches go unnoticed for months
- No tested incident response plan
- Shadow IT — tools and cloud services staff adopt without IT's knowledge
- Limited staff awareness, making phishing the easiest way in
- Vendors and third parties with system access but no security vetting
- Backups that exist but have never been tested for recovery
- No independent penetration test in the last 12 months
A vulnerability assessment and penetration test (VAPT) will tell you exactly which of these apply to your environment — and what to fix first.